Notes
Note N2064
Index
It is interesting to note that Dinah is shown as "BC" (Born Colony) when she is clearly "CF (Came Free) as Robert is.
Mary Ann "CF" (Came Free) with parents on ship AUSTRALIA in 1827.
Notes
Note N2065
Index
Robert Hardy obtained a certificate for a publican's general license for the Prince of Wales Inn and renamed it the 'Freemason's Arms'.
Notes
Note N2066
Index
Spithead, Portsmouth
Spithead, Portsmouth
==========
http://www.blaxland.com/ozships/events/3/233.htm#14714
ozs: 14714
Source: SPR
arrival: Australia
Origin: 1826 Oct
Destination: 1827 Jan 7
Background
Date Item Details Source
contract Australian Agricultural Company
primary source ANU 160/89
primary source ANU 78/9/1
Notes
Note N2068
Index
==============
NSW BDM - Marriage: 3155/1872 KLING JOHAM HARDY DINAH PATRICKS PLAIN
NSW BDM - Death: 6645/1879 CLEAN DINA THOMAS DIED MAITLAND GRETA
==============
Nursed wounds of convicts who were lashed in Rocks area. [Sharon Hardy]
==============
According to Emily Hertel's Booklet: "Robert and Dinah Hardy in Australia" - 1981
Dinah Hardy and Johann Kling married 21/1/1872
==========
Notes
Note N2069 Index
St Andrew Burton Overy, Leics. Parish Register. Baptisms PWells
16/5/1744 Edward, son of Edward and Ann Bird
10/5/1747 Eliz. daughter of Edward and Ann Bird
4/11/1748 Mary the daughter of Edward and Ann Bird was privately baptised
Private baptism, or half-baptism, took place very soon after birth.
4/2/1750/1 Wm. son of Edward and Ann Bird
13/4/1755 Ann, daughter of Edw & Ann Bird
Notes
Note N2070 Index
Ann Bird may have died as a result of the birth of her daughter, Ann, as the dates in the Parish Registers are very close.
St Peter's, Gaulby Parish Registers DE1992/1 Burials
(Ann daughter of John Bird was baptised Jan 13 1758)
Ann Bird wife of John Bird of Gaulby was buried Jan 19th 1758
Mary daughter of John Bird was buried Feb 16 1758
Notes
Note N2079 Index
From a reference in Wikipedia
Page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threshfield regarding
Threshfield - a small village and civil parish in the Craven district of North Yorkshire, England with a population of 980 residents. It borders Grassington, Linton Falls and Skirethorns. Nearby villages (within 7 miles radius) are Linton, Cracoe, Rylstone, Hetton, Hebden, Kilnsey, and Greenhow.
Threshfield was originally founded by the Angles.
Before 1066 The Domesday Book shows that the Viking Gamel Bern[1] was the landowner of here and Grassington, farming 840 acres of ploughland.[2]
[1] Gamel Bern was the bairn of Gamel, Thegn of Mercia, and he the son of Orm or Ulf [this is a link on the page to "Tostig Godwinson"]. Together this family of Noblemen held the most land in Northern England.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tostig_Godwinson#Earl_of_Northumbria
Tostig Godwinson (died 25 September 1066) was an Anglo-Saxon Earl of Northumbria and brother of King Harold Godwinson.
Tostig was the third son of Godwin (d. 1053), Earl of Wessex and Kent, and Gytha Thorkelsdóttir. In 1051, he married Judith of Flanders. The Domesday Book recorded twenty-six vills or townships as being held by Earl Tostig forming the Manor of Hougun.[1]
Earl of Northumbria[edit]
In 1051, Tostig and his father were banished from England, to which they forcefully returned in 1052. Three years later in 1055, Tostig became the Earl of Northumbria upon the death of Earl Siward.
Tostig appears to have governed in Northumbria with some difficulty. He was never popular with the Northumbrian ruling class, a mix of Danish invaders and Anglo Saxon survivors of the last Norse invasion. Tostig was said to have been heavy-handed with those who resisted his rule, including the murder of several members of leading Northumbrian families. In late 1063 or early 1064, Tostig had Gamal, son of Orm and Ulf, son of Dolfin, assassinated when they visited him under safe conduct.[2] Also, the Vita Edwardi, otherwise sympathetic to Tostig, states that he had 'repressed [the Northumbrians] with the heavy yoke of his rule'.
He was also frequently absent at the court of King Edward in the south, and possibly showed a lack of leadership against the raiding Scots. Their king was a personal friend of Tostig, and Tostig's unpopularity made it difficult to raise local levies to combat them. He resorted to using a strong force of Danish mercenaries (housecarles) as his main force, an expensive and resented policy (the housecarls' leaders were later slaughtered by rebels). Local biases probably also played a part. Tostig was from the south of England, a distinctly different culture from the north, which had not had a southern earl in several lifetimes. In 1063, still immersed in the confused local politics of Northumbria, his popularity apparently plummeted. Many of the inhabitants of Northumbria were Danes, who had enjoyed lesser taxation than in other parts of England. Yet the wars in Wales, of which Tostig's constituents were principal beneficiaries, needed to be paid for. Tostig had been a major commander in these wars attacking in the north while his brother Harold Godwinson marched up from the south.
Deposition by his brother Harold and the thegns of Northumbria[edit]
On 3 October 1065, the thegns of Yorkshire and the rest of Yorkshire descended on York and occupied the city. They killed Tostig's officials and supporters, then declared Tostig outlawed for his unlawful actions and sent for Morcar, younger brother of Edwin, Earl of Mercia. The northern rebels marched south to press their case with King Edward. They were joined at Northampton by Earl Edwin and his forces. There, they were met by Earl Harold, who had been sent by King Edward to negotiate with them and thus did not bring his forces. After Harold, by then the king's right hand man, had spoken with the rebels at Northampton, he likely realized that Tostig would not be able to retain Northumbria. When he returned to Oxford, where the royal council was to meet on 28 October, he had probably already made up his mind.
Exile and rebellion[edit]
Harold Godwinson persuaded the King Edward the Confessor to agree to the demands of the rebels. Tostig was outlawed a short time later, possibly early in November, because he refused to accept his deposition as commanded by Edward. This led to the fatal confrontation and enmity between the two Godwinsons. At a meeting of the king and his council, Tostig publicly accused Harold of fomenting the rebellion. Harold was keen to unify England in the face of the grave threat from William of Normandy, who had openly declared his intention to take the English throne. It was likely that Harold had exiled his brother to ensure peace and loyalty in the north. Tostig, however, remained unconvinced and plotted vengeance.
Tostig took ship with his family and some loyal thegns and took refuge with his brother-in-law, Count Baldwin V. He even attempted to form an alliance with William. Baldwin provided him with a fleet and he landed in the Isle of Wight in May 1066, where he collected money and provisions. He raided the coast as far as Sandwich but was forced to retreat when King Harold called out land and naval forces. He moved north and after an unsuccessful attempt to get his brother Gyrth to join him, he raided Norfolk and Lincolnshire. The Earls Edwin and Morcar defeated him decisively. Deserted by his men, he fled to his sworn brother, King Malcolm III of Scotland. Tostig spent the summer of 1066 in Scotland.
He made contact with King Harald III Hardrada of Norway and persuaded him to invade England. One of the sagas claims that he sailed for Norway, and greatly impressed the Norwegian king and his court, managing to sway a decidedly unenthusiastic Harald, who had just concluded a long and inconclusive war with Denmark, into raising a levy to take the throne of England. With Hardrada's aid, Tostig sailed up the Humber and defeated Morcar and Edwin at Gate Fulford.
Battle of Stamford Bridge[edit]
Main article: Battle of Stamford Bridge
Hardrada's army invaded York, taking hostages after a peaceful surrender, and likely agreed with the local inhabitants to gather commandeered supplies at Stamford Bridge, near York, a conveniently central spot, well-fed by streams and roads. King Harold Godwinson raced northward with an English army from London and, on 25 September 1066, surprised his brother Tostig and about 6,000 of his men, basking in the sun and awaiting supplies. The Norwegians and the Flemish mercenaries hired by Tostig were largely without armour and carried only personal weapons. The day was very hot and no resistance was expected. The remainder of the 11,000 man force remained guarding the Norse ships, beached miles away at Riccall. Tostig and most of his men were killed.
Aftermath[edit]
After his death at Stamford Bridge, it is believed that his body was taken to York and buried at York Minster. Tostig's two sons took refuge in Norway, while his wife Judith married Duke Welf of Bavaria.[3] The victorious Harold, at the head of troops, still exhausted by their previous fight with Tostig and Hardrada, would go to confront and suffer defeat at the hands of the Normans at the Battle of Hastings nine days later.
His two sons with Judith:
Skuli Tostisson Kongsfostre (born 1052). His great-great-granddaughter,[citation needed] Helena Guttormsdotter, was the mistress of Valdemar II of Denmark and mother of Valdemar's son Canute, Duke of Reval. He was the great-great-grandfather of King Inge II of Norway and Duke Skule Bårdsson, and the matrilineal great-great-grandfather of Estrid Bjørnsdotter.
Ketil Tostisson (born 1054).